Introduction to TAC and IMEI

Definition and Overview of TAC: The Type Allocation Code (TAC) is an essential element in the mobile industry, representing the first eight digits of the International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI) number. Each mobile device requires a unique TAC to be assigned by the Global System for Mobile Communications Association (GSMA) , which ensures the device is recognized on global networks. TAC allows brand owners to differentiate between various models and manufacturing variations, facilitating global trade and device management.

Understanding Type Allocation Code (TAC)

The TAC is a unique identifier assigned to a specific mobile device model by GSMA-certified bodies. This code is vital for enabling cellular network connectivity and ensuring compliance with international standards. Every mobile device connecting to a 3GPP or 3GPP2 network needs a TAC. TAC not only ensures the authenticity of a device but also aids in global trade by allowing governments and organizations to track legitimate devices, preventing the circulation of counterfeit goods. By associating a TAC with a specific model, mobile operators can accurately serve devices on their networks and track their usage.

The GSMA, an industry body that governs global telecommunications standards, allocates TAC codes through authorized reporting bodies. Each brand owner must apply for a TAC to have their device recognized and authenticated across global networks. The GSMA ensures that these codes are distributed fairly and according to regulatory guidelines.

Key Elements of TAC Allocation

TAC Structure (8-digit format): The TAC code is the first 8 digits of the 15-digit IMEI number. The structure includes information about the manufacturer, brand, and device model. These digits are crucial for identifying each device uniquely, and they serve as the foundation for generating the complete IMEI.

TAC for Multiple Models and Variants: A single TAC is assigned to each unique device model. If there are any significant changes to the model, such as hardware upgrades or component modifications, a new TAC must be obtained.

Frequency of New TAC Allocation: A new TAC is required once a model reaches one million units. This ensures that each batch of devices remains easily identifiable by its TAC, preventing duplication and aiding in efficient tracking.

TAC Reporting and Application Process

GSMA-Approved Reporting Bodies: To maintain compliance, brand owners must apply for TAC through GSMA-authorized reporting bodies. Depending on the location of the brand's headquarters, the appropriate reporting body will manage the application. For example, TUV SUD is the reporting body for most regions, except China, where TAF handles the process.

Requirements for Brand Owners and OEMs: The brand owner holds the TAC, while the original equipment manufacturer (OEM) is named in the application. The application must specify the brand, the model, and details about the manufacturer to ensure proper allocation.

TAC Application Process Explained: The process begins with the brand owner submitting an application to the relevant reporting body. After verifying the details, including device specifications and production capacity, the TAC is allocated. Once approved, the brand owner can produce devices using the assigned TAC.

Variations That Require a New TAC

Changes in Brand, Manufacturer, or Model: If there is any change in the brand owner, OEM, or model name, a new TAC must be applied for. These changes affect the device's identity, which requires updated tracking.

Hardware Modifications: Changes in the device’s hardware, such as the motherboard, chipset, or the number of cameras, also require a new TAC. This ensures that each unique model variant has its own identifier.

Software and Operating System Changes: If a device undergoes a major change in its operating system, such as switching from Android to Tizen, a new TAC is necessary to reflect these modifications accurately.

What is an IMEI Number?

An International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI) number is a unique 15-digit identifier assigned to every mobile device, including 3GPP and iDEN phones, as well as some satellite phones. This number is crucial for identifying and tracking mobile phones globally. Typically, the IMEI number can be found printed inside the phone's battery compartment or displayed on-screen by entering *#06# on the dial pad. The IMEI is used for various security and network functions, including blocking stolen devices from accessing mobile networks and assisting in their recovery, thereby playing a key role in preventing mobile phone theft and fraud.

Scope for IMEI Registration

The scope for IMEI registration in India encompasses both manufacturers and importers of mobile devices, ensuring that every device entering the market is uniquely identifiable and compliant with regulatory standards.

Manufacturers

Every mobile equipment manufacturer or brand owner must register their devices with the GSMA IMEI database. This process involves obtaining an IMEI registration certificate, which verifies that their devices are assigned unique IMEI numbers that comply with international standards. This registration ensures that each device can be accurately tracked and identified, providing a layer of security and authenticity..

Importers

Importers of mobile equipment must also undergo IMEI registration to ensure that the devices they bring into the Indian market are compliant with regulatory requirements. Importers are required to log on to the online portal, submit an application form, and provide detailed information about the devices, including their technical specifications. The GSMA’s automated system, known as IMEI Cloning and Duplication Restriction (ICDR), validates the information against the global GSMA database. Once validated, a registration certificate is issued, allowing the import of mobile equipment.